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Monday, March 25, 2013

Do-Nows for Week of 3.25.13

MONDAY:
Based on what you know about Robert Fulton's invention, why do you think that small-boat owners on the Hudson River regularly attempted to ram the Clermont's side-paddle-wheels?

Robert Fulton's steamship, the first truly efficient and operational boat of its kind, threatened to put small boat owners out of business because it was a much faster and less expensive way to travel up-river. Without operational paddle-wheels though, the Clermont could not move.

TUESDAY:
What were the three parts of Henry Clay's American System and what was the purpose of the system as a whole?

Henry Clay's American System called for a tariff on imports to encourage people to buy American-made goods. It also included a national bank (the second one, since Alexander Hamilton established the first) to promote a single currency for the nation. The third part of his plan was to improve the transportation infastructure of the United States since roads were poor and made overland trade difficult, slow and expensive. The overarching goal of Clay's system was to make American self-sufficient so that it would no longer need to rely on foreign nations for trade.

WEDNESDAY:
None

THURSDAY:
None

FRIDAY:
No School

Tuesday, March 12, 2013

Do-Nows for Week of 3/11/13

MONDAY:
None

TUESDAY:
What effect did the "Star-Spangled Banner" have on British and American soldiers the morning after the Battle of Baltimore? What does our nation's flag symbolize to you?

The Star-Spangled Banner flying over Fort McHenry the morning after the Battle of Baltimore was a major boost to the morale of the American troops and served to weaken the spirit of the British forces. 

WEDNESDAY:
Name three items in your everyday life that are the result of manufacturing. If you had to make these items at home, how would your life be different?

Answers will vary.

THURSDAY:
List and explain the three key factors that led to the growth of industry in New England rather than anywhere else in the early-1800s.

Power: Water-power comes from the many fast-running rivers used to run the mills.

Transportation: Major seaports like Boston and Newburyport made it easy to get raw materials and to trade finished goods via the sea rather than over land.

Labor Force: Because farming in New England is difficult, many farm girls went to Lowell to make extra money for their families.

FRIDAY:
List the four steps of the process of turning raw cotton into finished cloth. Then describe some of the dangers that faced the farm girls who worked in the Lowell Mills.

1. Water wheel
2. Carding/drawing machines
3. Spinning machines
4. Power looms.

There were many dangers that faced the farm girls that went to Lowell, Massachusetts to work in the textile mills. Not only could loose clothing and hair become caught in the moving parts of the machine, but extremities (legs, arms, fingers) could become lodged in the looms as well. In addition, mills were exceeding loud and could cause serious damage to hearing, and the fact that the windows on mill buildings rarely opened meant that cotton fibers remained in the air causing lung diseases. Also, the shuttle (the piece that flies back and forth across a power loom) could break loose and hit a mill worker causing severe injury or death.